前言
网络安全中Diffie-Hellman的C++语言描述简单实现。
代码仓库
代码特点
纯C++语言:
- 相对规范和整洁
- 一定程度地面向对象
- 使用一部分高级特性
- 考虑优化性能
详细注释:
- 提示规范和整洁
- 提示面向对象
- 提示高级特性
- 提示优化性能
- 解析Diffie-Hellman步骤(网络上大部分实现代码的含义不明确,本代码相对明确)
- 注意易错点
代码
dh.h
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 | #ifndef DH_DH_H_#define DH_DH_H_
 
 #include <iostream>
 
 using std::cout;
 using std::endl;
 
 
 class DH
 {
 public:
 DH();
 unsigned int GetPrivateKey();
 unsigned int GetPublicKey(const unsigned int &x);
 unsigned int GetKey(const unsigned int &y, const unsigned int &x);
 
 private:
 
 unsigned int GetPrimeNum();
 bool PrimalityTest(const unsigned int &n, const unsigned int &a);
 unsigned int QuickPowMod(const unsigned int &a, const unsigned int &q, const unsigned int &n);
 unsigned int QuickMulMod(const unsigned int &a, const unsigned int &b, const unsigned int &c);
 unsigned int GetPrimitiveRoot();
 
 unsigned int p_arg_;
 unsigned int a_arg_;
 };
 
 #endif
 
 | 
dh.cpp
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 | #include <ctime>   #include <cstdlib>
 
 #include "dh.h"
 
 
 DH::DH()
 {
 
 
 
 unsigned int seed = time(nullptr);
 srand(seed);
 
 this->p_arg_ = this->GetPrimeNum();
 
 
 this->a_arg_ = this->GetPrimitiveRoot();
 
 cout << "全局公开量:" << endl;
 cout << "参数p:\t" << this->p_arg_ << endl;
 cout << "参数a:\t" << this->a_arg_ << endl;
 cout << endl;
 }
 
 
 unsigned int DH::GetPrivateKey()
 {
 
 unsigned int random = 0;
 
 while (1)
 {
 random = rand();
 
 if (random < this->p_arg_)
 {
 break;
 }
 }
 
 return random;
 }
 
 
 unsigned int DH::GetPublicKey(const unsigned int &x)
 {
 
 unsigned int y = this->QuickPowMod(this->a_arg_, x, this->p_arg_);
 
 return y;
 }
 
 
 unsigned int DH::GetKey(const unsigned int &y, const unsigned int &x)
 {
 
 unsigned int k = this->QuickPowMod(y, x, this->p_arg_);
 
 return k;
 }
 
 
 unsigned int DH::GetPrimeNum()
 {
 unsigned int random = 0;
 unsigned int random_odd = 0;
 
 unsigned int n = 0;
 unsigned int a = 0;
 bool primality_test_res = false;
 bool prime_flag = false;
 
 
 while (1)
 {
 
 
 random = rand();
 
 
 if (random % 2 == 0)
 {
 random_odd = random + 1;
 }
 else
 {
 random_odd = random;
 }
 
 
 n = random_odd;
 
 for (int i = 0; i < 128; ++i)
 {
 
 a = rand() % (n - 1);
 
 
 
 
 if (a == 0)
 {
 a += 2;
 }
 if (a == 1)
 {
 ++a;
 }
 
 primality_test_res = PrimalityTest(random_odd, a);
 
 if (primality_test_res == true)
 {
 prime_flag = true;
 }
 else if (primality_test_res == false)
 {
 prime_flag = false;
 
 break;
 }
 }
 
 if (prime_flag == true)
 {
 break;
 }
 
 }
 
 return random_odd;
 }
 
 
 bool DH::PrimalityTest(const unsigned int &n, const unsigned int &a)
 {
 
 unsigned int k = 0;
 unsigned int q = n - 1;
 
 
 
 
 while ((q & 1) == 0)
 {
 ++k;
 q >>= 1;
 }
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 unsigned int aq_mod_n = this->QuickPowMod(a, q, n);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 if (aq_mod_n == 1)
 {
 return true;
 }
 
 
 for (int j = 0; j < k; ++j)
 {
 aq_mod_n = this->QuickPowMod(aq_mod_n, 2, n);
 
 
 if (aq_mod_n != 1 && aq_mod_n != n - 1)
 {
 return false;
 }
 }
 
 return true;
 }
 
 
 
 
 unsigned int DH::QuickPowMod(const unsigned int &a, const unsigned int &q, const unsigned int &n)
 {
 
 
 
 
 unsigned int res = 1;
 unsigned int a_temp = a;
 unsigned int q_temp = q;
 
 
 while (q_temp > 0)
 {
 if ((q_temp & 1) == 1)
 {
 res = this->QuickMulMod(res, a_temp, n);
 }
 
 a_temp = this->QuickMulMod(a_temp, a_temp, n);
 
 q_temp >>= 1;
 }
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 return res;
 }
 
 
 
 
 unsigned int DH::QuickMulMod(const unsigned int &a, const unsigned int &b, const unsigned int &c)
 {
 
 
 
 unsigned int res = 0;
 unsigned int a_temp = a;
 unsigned int b_temp = b;
 
 while (b_temp > 0)
 {
 if (b_temp & 1)
 {
 res = (res + a_temp) % c;
 }
 
 a_temp = (a_temp + a_temp) % c;
 
 b_temp >>= 1;
 }
 
 return res;
 }
 
 
 unsigned int DH::GetPrimitiveRoot()
 {
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 unsigned int calcul_res = 0;
 
 
 for (unsigned int i = 2; i < this->p_arg_; ++i)
 {
 
 for (unsigned int j = 2; j < this->p_arg_; ++j)
 {
 calcul_res = this->QuickPowMod(i, j, this->p_arg_);
 
 
 
 if ((j != this->p_arg_ - 1) && (calcul_res == 1))
 {
 break;
 }
 
 
 if ((j == this->p_arg_ - 1) && (calcul_res == 1))
 {
 return i;
 }
 }
 }
 
 
 return 0;
 }
 
 
 | 
main.cpp
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 | #include "dh.h"
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 DH *dh = new DH();
 
 
 unsigned int xa = dh->GetPrivateKey();
 cout << "用户A的密钥生成:\t" << endl;
 cout << "私钥xa:\t" << xa << endl;
 
 unsigned int ya = dh->GetPublicKey(xa);
 cout << "公钥ya:\t" << ya << endl;
 cout << endl;
 
 
 unsigned int xb = dh->GetPrivateKey();
 cout << "用户B的密钥生成:\t" << endl;
 cout << "私钥xb:\t" << xb << endl;
 
 unsigned int yb = dh->GetPublicKey(xb);
 cout << "公钥yb:\t" << yb << endl;
 cout << endl;
 
 
 unsigned int ka = dh->GetKey(yb, xa);
 cout << "用户A计算产生密钥:\t" << endl;
 cout << "密钥ka:\t" << ka << endl;
 cout << endl;
 
 
 unsigned int kb = dh->GetKey(ya, xb);
 cout << "用户B计算产生密钥:\t" << endl;
 cout << "密钥kb:\t" << kb << endl;
 
 delete dh;
 
 return 0;
 }
 
 | 
结果

总结
网络安全中Diffie-Hellman的C++语言描述简单实现。
参考资料
作者的话
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- 作者:夜悊
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